What the ITE is and why it’s key when buying or selling a property

Definition and scope of the ITE

The ITE is a technical procedure that analyses the general condition of buildings. It is not only about detecting visible defects but about thoroughly reviewing the structure, common elements, and basic installations.

This assessment aims to anticipate potential risks, foster proper maintenance, and extend the useful life of the property. Compliance protects both those living in the building and those who pass through its surroundings.

Buildings and properties subject to the ITE

This inspection is mandatory for buildings that are more than 50 years old, although some autonomous communities may establish other criteria. Buildings subject to the ITE include:

• Residential buildings: both single-family homes and apartment buildings.

• Commercial or office properties: where the inspection also evaluates aspects related to the activity carried out in the premises.

• Properties under horizontal ownership, where the homeowners’ association is responsible for complying with the regulations.

Differences between the ITE in flats, houses, and offices

Each type of property has characteristics that influence the approach of the inspection. For example:

• In flats, the technician mainly reviews common elements: staircases, roofs, façades, and evacuation systems.

• In single-family homes, the owner is solely responsible for general maintenance and must ensure compliance independently.

• In offices or commercial premises, elements related to accessibility, fire safety, and energy efficiency are also reviewed.

Regulations governing the ITE in Spain

The regulation of the Technical Building Inspection in Spain is based on several legal frameworks.

Land Law and Royal Decree-Law 8/2011

The ITE is regulated by the 2015 Land Law and Royal Decree-Law 8/2011. These regulations establish that buildings must undergo periodic inspections. The goal is to prevent risks and promote refurbishment as an essential part of urban policy.

Municipal ordinances and their application

Each municipality may regulate specific aspects of the ITE through ordinances. These local rules determine:

• The exact age at which a building must undergo the inspection.

• The frequency of subsequent inspections.

• The procedure for submitting reports.

Autonomous regulations and regional specificities

Some autonomous communities have developed their own regulations to adapt the ITE to their urban and climatic characteristics. For example:

• In Madrid, the IEE (Building Evaluation Report) expands the inspection to include accessibility and energy efficiency criteria.

• Catalonia has reinforced conservation and refurbishment requirements under Law 8/2013.

• In Aragón, the priority is preserving built heritage in historic environments.

Time frames and inspection frequency according to current regulations

Although the general rule states that the ITE must be carried out once a building is 50 years old, the frequency of subsequent inspections varies. Normally, inspections are repeated every 10 years, but the period may be shorter if significant deficiencies are found or if local regulations require it.

Procedure for undergoing the Technical Inspection

The process for conducting the Technical Building Inspection includes several key steps.

Hiring the technician and requirements

The first step to complete the ITE is to hire a qualified professional. This can be an architect, technical architect, or building engineer. This professional will assess the property in accordance with technical and legal criteria and issue a binding report.

Documentation required to carry out the ITE

Before beginning the inspection, the technician will request:

• Registration details of the building.

• Property deeds or equivalent documents.

• Architectural plans (if available).

• Information about previous renovations or relevant incidents.

This documentation helps contextualise the inspection and detect any potential structural weaknesses more accurately.

Technical assessment of the building’s elements

During the on-site visit, several elements are reviewed, including:

• Foundations and structure: to detect cracks, dampness, or shifts that could compromise the building’s stability.

• Façades, party walls, and roofs: analysing their physical condition and any risk of detachment or leaks.

• Electrical and plumbing installations: ensuring they comply with regulations and pose no risks to occupants.

• Accessibility and energy efficiency: aspects such as lifts, ramps, natural lighting, and thermal insulation are assessed.

Preparation of the technical report

The technician prepares a report that includes both positive aspects and the deficiencies identified. The document contains photographs, detailed descriptions, and recommendations for correcting issues. If the report is favourable, the building is certified until the next inspection.

Submission of the report and certificate of compliance

Once completed, the report is submitted to the relevant local council. If it meets the requirements, a certificate of technical compliance is issued. This certificate is necessary to sell or mortgage the property without complications.

ITE results: reports and obligations

The Technical Building Inspection can lead to different results and obligations that property owners must comply with.

Favourable report

A favourable report means the building is in good condition and complies with current regulations. Benefits include:

• Increase in the property’s market value.

• Greater ease in carrying out banking and notarial procedures.

• Positive image for potential buyers or tenants.

Unfavourable report: identification of deficiencies

If the technician detects problems, the report will state that the ITE is unfavourable. In this case, owners must:

• Carry out necessary works within the established deadline.

• Request a new inspection once the works are completed.

At Engel & Völkers, we recommend acting quickly in such cases. A prompt response avoids fines and allows normal real estate operations to resume.

Costs and financing of the Technical Building Inspection

The Technical Building Inspection involves several costs that must be taken into account to ensure compliance with current regulations.

Usual professional fees and variation according to building size

Professional fees can vary considerably depending on the building’s size, the complexity of the inspection, and the property’s location.

Generally, costs range from €500 to €4.000. Key aspects include:

• For small buildings: between €500 and €1.000.

• For medium-sized buildings: between €1.000 and €2.500.

• For large communities: over €3.000 depending on their condition.

Additional costs for related works or repairs

An unfavourable inspection may require significant investment:

• Complex structural repairs.

• Roof renovation or installation of evacuation systems.

• Upgrading electrical or plumbing installations.

Grants and subsidies available for homeowners’ associations

There are public subsidies available, at both municipal and regional levels, that may partially cover the cost of:

• Carrying out the ITE.

• Refurbishment works.

• Energy efficiency and accessibility improvements.

Consequences of not completing the ITE or doing so after the deadline

• Financial penalties and fines according to regulations: failure to comply with deadlines may result in fines ranging from €1.000 to €6.000, depending on the severity of the case and regional regulations.

• Impact on mortgages and real estate transactions: without a favourable certificate, banks may refuse to grant mortgages, and buying–selling processes become more complicated. At Engel & Völkers, we stress the importance of keeping documentation up to date to avoid obstacles during commercialisation.

• Suspension of sale processes and legal repercussions: an unfavourable report or the absence of an ITE may halt the sale and lead to legal disputes. It is essential to act ahead of time to protect the property’s value.

• Responsibilities of the homeowners’ association and its management: the community must undertake necessary works and manage the financial aspects of the process. Lack of agreement or insufficient funding can delay the entire procedure and put residents at risk.

Impact of the ITE on a property’s safety and value

The Technical Building Inspection has a significant impact on both the safety of buildings and their market value.

Ensuring the building’s safety and health conditions

The ITE is a key tool for detecting structural or functional issues in time. Thanks to this inspection, accidents are prevented and a healthy, safe environment is promoted.

Property valuation and the market benefits of a favourable ITE

Having a favourable ITE report can increase the property’s value, make the sale easier, and generate confidence among demanding buyers or investors—especially in premium locations where Engel & Völkers is actively present.

Conservation of urban heritage and social responsibility

Completing the ITE is also a commitment to the environment. It helps preserve the architectural identity of historic neighbourhoods and contributes to sustainable urban development.

Frequently asked questions about the ITE

How old must a building be to undergo the inspection?Regulations state that residential buildings must be more than 50 years old to be required to undergo the ITE.

Who is responsible for covering the ITE costs?In general, the property owners are responsible for covering the costs of the ITE. This includes payment to the qualified technician and any additional expenses related to necessary repair works. In homeowners’ associations, costs are typically shared among members.

What happens if the ITE report is unfavourable for single-family homes?If the ITE report is unfavourable, the homeowner must carry out the necessary works to correct the deficiencies detected.

What is the timeframe for undergoing the ITE after the first inspection?After the first ITE, the typical timeframe for the next inspection is ten years. However, this may vary depending on the regulations of each autonomous community or municipality.

Can Engel & Völkers provide advice on the ITE when buying a property?At Engel & Völkers, we support you throughout the purchasing process so that you can make informed and safe decisions. Our agents help you review the property’s technical condition, understand the ITE report, and ensure everything is in order before signing.

Contact us and let us help you find a safe, future-proof property.